Basic information
| Title journal: | Vestnik 2 (62) 2026 |
|---|---|
| Number: | 2 |
| Year: | 2026 |
| Date of publication on the website: | 23.07.2026 |
| Full journal in PDF: | Download |
Content
Personalization of a teacher's professional development at a higher education institution through digital educational platforms
UDC: 378.1Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Aleksandrova Lyudmila Yu.; Elena S. Shershtyuk
Annotation: Introduction. Introduction. The integration of digital technologies into the educational system transforms the educational process and stimulates the interest of all its participants in professional development. The research problem lies in the need to adapt the teacher's professional development system to the changing requirements of the digital era. Traditional models undoubtedly have high theoretical and practical significance. However, they are uniform in nature and do not always take into account the individual experience, interests, and preferences, as well as the current needs and career expectations of the teacher. This leads to a narrowing of their educational opportunities and a decrease in the overall quality of education. The purpose of the study is to identify the possibilities and levels of personalization of a teacher's professional development through digital educational platforms (DEP). Materials and methods. The study used theoretical, systematic, and comparative analysis methods. Research results and discussions. The study substantiated the need for a systematic approach to organizing a teacher's professional development through digital platforms and conducted a comparative analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. In conclusion, the article concludes that personalizing a teacher's professional development in a digital environment is not just about updating technology, but also about transitioning from a centralized management model to a flexible, personalized system. The elements of the formula («MIR») for optimizing this system are interconnected. Going through the levels of personalization turns them into an end-to-end creative flow of professional development for teachers.Development of learning motivation of university students through project activities
UDC: 378Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Arzamastseva Natal'ya G.; Maksimova Zinaida Yu.
Annotation: The article examines the problem of developing the academic motivation of university students through project activities. Academic motivation is considered as a complex of factors that activate the educational and cognitive activity of students and support their desire for self-education and development. The authors studied and analyzed the following types of educational motives of university students: avoidance motives, prestige motives, professional and communicative motives, motives of creative self-realization, educational and cognitive and social motives. According to the authors, project activities are the most effective in developing the academic motivation of university students. Project-based activities are considered as a pedagogical technology, a set of educational and cognitive techniques aimed at solving any pedagogical task or problem through the organization of independent activities of participants in the educational process with the obligatory presentation of the results of this activity. The authors pay special attention to the description of students’ experience of working on the social project “Dream Schoolˮ, with the aim of developing their academic motivation. The article describes the main stages of work on the social project “Dream Schoolˮ, analyzes pedagogical methods for developing the academic motivation of university students, etc. The authors present the results of pedagogical diagnostics of the development of academic motivation of university students. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate and experimentally test the effectiveness of using project activities as a means of developing the academic motivation of university students. Materials and methods. Theoretical analysis of the literature on the research problem, generalization, testing. Research results.
The issues of development of educational motivation of university students are considered, the role of project activities in development of educational motivation of university students is theoretically substantiated, its main tasks and stages of organization are analyzed. Conclusion. The results of this study may be useful for theoretical and practical application by teachers of higher and secondary vocational educational institutions dealing with issues of developing students’ academic motivation.Academic mobility as a stage of professional self-determination: resources and barriers for international students in a multicultural university environment
UDC: 378.014:331.548Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Larisa V. Belyaeva; Shvetsova Galina N. ; Petrova Tatyana N.
Annotation: Introduction. This article analyzes the professional self-determination process of international medical students during academic mobility. It demonstrates that a university's multicultural educational environment can act as both a source of barriers and a resource for professional development, but the mechanism of its mediating influence remains understudied. The objective is to use empirical data analysis to identify and characterize the mechanism of the mediating influence of a university's multicultural environment on the professional self-determination of international medical students. Materials and methods. An analysis of data collected in 2024–2025 among 32 international medical students from South Asian countries studying at Mari State University was conducted. The instruments included a questionnaire with open-ended and closed-ended questions, the Personality Self-Actualization Diagnostic Questionnaire (SAMOAL) developed by A. V. Lazukin, edited and adapted by N. F. Kalinа (scales: professional enthusiasm, striving for harmony, reflection, risk appetite) and the Subjective Well-Being Scale developed by French psychologists G. Perrudent-Badoux, M. Mendelsohn, and J. Chiche (adapted by M. V. Sokolova). Qualitative content analysis and quantitative analytical processing of the data were used. Results, discussion. A key resource was identified: absolute professional enthusiasm (100% of the sample). Significant barriers were identified: language (87. % of mentions), academic (68.8 %), and uncertainty about professional/career prospects after training (37.5 %). Low risk propensity (65.6 % of respondents) is interpreted as a rational adaptive strategy in the new institutional environment. The university's support system is highly valued by students (90.6 %), but its career guidance potential is not fully realized (only 46.9 % associate university activities with professional growth). A model is proposed in which a multicultural environment acts as a mediator between students' internal resources and external barriers. Conclusion. Professional self-determination in the context of academic mobility is a process of mediation. Mediation is an external influence that can act as a mechanism for professional self-determination. Targeted career guidance support from a university can transform a multicultural environment from an adaptation challenge into a resource for professional development. The development of pedagogical technologies for mediation support offers promising opportunities.Pedagogical conditions for forming students’ experience of critical inter-action with artificial intelligence
UDC: 378.1Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Anna N. Vokhmyanina
Annotation: Introduction. In the context of the digital transformation of education and the rapid adoption of generative artificial intelligence technologies, students actively use AI tools to complete academic tasks. However, the nature of their interaction with AI remains insufficiently studied. Empirical evidence shows that students’ critical evaluation of AI recommendations varies depending on the activity context and the perceived significance of consequences, indicating that criticality in AI interaction is context-dependent. Purpose. The study aims to substantiate the structure of students’ experience of critical interaction with artificial intelligence and to identify the pedagogical conditions for its development in higher education. Materials and Methods. A comprehensive empirical study conducted at the National Research University “MPEI” included three stages: a survey of academic staff (N = 744), a survey of students (N = 6,328), and an assessment of critical interaction with AI among first-year students prior to the start of their studies (N = 2,898) in situations differing in the perceived significance of consequences. Results and Discussion. A pronounced dependence on context was identified. Critical strategies accounted for 85% of responses in academically significant situations and 44% in everyday situations. Based on theoretical analysis and empirical evidence, a four-component structure of experience was substantiated, comprising cognitive, operational, reflective, and ethical components. Three pedagogical conditions for its development were identified: embedding AI-use situations into learning tasks, organizing reflection on the interaction process, and providing socio-pedagogical support. Conclusion. Developing students’ experience of critical interaction with AI requires its purposeful integration into higher education curricula, which is essential for a successful educational trajectory under digital transformation.Readiness of future teachers to organize research activities of schoolchildren
UDC: 373.3:37.016Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Glizerina Nadezhda D.; Maltseva Elena V.; Rybakov Andrey V.
Annotation: Introduction. In the context of implementing the Federal State Educational Standard for Primary General Education/General General Education, the development of universal research-based learning activities in students is a key task of modern education. Its effective solution directly depends on the professional readiness of the teacher to act not as a transmitter of knowledge, but as an organizer, tutor, and methodological mentor of children's research. However, an analysis of pedagogical practice reveals a contradiction between the growing need of schools for teachers capable of high-quality design and support of children's research, and the insufficient level of development of the relevant competencies among graduates of pedagogical universities. In this regard, the problem of developing and assessing the readiness of future teachers for this type of activity acquires particular scientific and practical significance. The aim of the study is to analyze the results of diagnostics of the level of readiness of future teachers to organize research activities of schoolchildren. Materials and Methods. The study utilized methods of theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, survey, testing, and solving professionally oriented cases. Results and discussion. An operational definition of readiness as an integrative professional and personal state is proposed. Indicators of future teachers' readiness to organize schoolchildren's research activities were determined. The results of a study examining future teachers' understanding of the essence of research activity, their knowledge of research methodology, and their ability to construct a methodological framework for research, as well as students' readiness to design and implement methodological support for schoolchildren's research activities, were analyzed. Conclusion. The practical significance of the study and areas of activity for transforming the teaching methodology of individual disciplines at the university in order to improve the quality of preparation of future teachers for organizing schoolchildren's research activities were determined. The study materials can be used in the development of programs for advanced training and professional retraining of teachers, the creation of diagnostic and methodological tools for supporting project-based research activities of students, as well as in the content of pedagogical disciplines in the system of higher and continuing professional education.Evaluation and development of social design technology as a way to form the professional position of cadets of educational institutions of the min-istry of internal affairs of Russia
UDC: 378.1Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Anna S. Korotkova
Annotation: Introduction. Modern challenges associated with the increasing complexity of both interstate relations and the operational and service activities of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation, growing public expectations of police work, and the need to strengthen public trust in law enforcement agencies, are leading to a rapid increase in the demands placed on the personal and professional qualities of police officers. Contradiction. The key factor in the success of a law enforcement officer is not only the volume of professional knowledge and service-combat skills, but also the formed professional position, which acts as an integrative quality of the professional personality of the employee. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to conduct a long-term review of a number of tasks to ensure the development and testing of social design technology as an effective means of forming the professional position of cadets of departmental educational organizations. The research materials and methods used in the pedagogical experiment conducted among cadets included a diagnostic toolkit, including a questionnaire, observation, expert assessments, and rank correlation. The conclusion is that the social design technology presented in the study has been tested in the departmental educational process, demonstrating its effectiveness in shaping the structural components of cadets' professional positions.Badminton in extracurricular physical education and sports activities as a means of physical education and adaptation of foreign students to the conditions of a Russian university
UDC: 796.344Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Loskutova Eleonora A. ; Ustymenko Olga N.
Annotation: Introduction. Modern scientific research highlights the problems of physical education of foreign students and their adaptation during their studies at Russian universities, but research on badminton as a means of physical education and adaptation of foreign students studying at Russian universities is insufficient. Purpose. To explore the possibilities of badminton classes as a means of physical education and adaptation of foreign students to the conditions of study at a Russian university. Materials and methods. The research materials are based on the analysis of theoretical sources on the relevant topic, and empirical research of an international sample using SWOT analysis methods, pedagogical observations, questionnaires and test tests. The results of the study and discussion. The use of a wide range of theoretical and empirical methods demonstrated a relatively low level of physical fitness of foreign students and the availability of sufficient conditions at the university for the physical education of foreign students using badminton. At the same time, as a result of regular badminton classes, foreign students have achieved a statistically significant increase in a number of indicators of physical fitness, reaching the level of Russian students. The survey indicated the positive impact of badminton lessons on the adaptation of foreign students to the conditions of a Russian university. The data of pedagogical observations made it possible to identify and specify the factors contributing to the growth of physical fitness and adaptation of foreign students to the conditions of a Russian university during badminton classes. Conclusion. The great positive potential of badminton classes as a means of physical education and adaptation of foreign students to the conditions of study at a Russian university has been empirically proven.Models of teachers' digital competence in the context of an interdisciplinary approach: structural and substantive analysis
UDC: 378.1Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Olga V. Rebko
Annotation: The purpose of the research is to provide an interdisciplinary interpretation of the digital competence of a teacher based on the identification of disciplinary grounds and structural components presented in modern models of digital competence. The article examines modern international models of educators' digital competence, including The Global Framework for Educational Competence in the Digital Age (GFECDA), a reference model for teachers' activities and development in the 21st century. (ETF READY Model), the Digital Competence Framework for Educators (EDCF), the Digital Competence Framework in Higher Education (HeDiCom), and the AI Competence Frameworks for Students and Teachers. A comparative analysis of their structure, key competencies and disciplinary grounds is carried out. Based on the conducted research, a five-component structure of a teacher's digital competence is identified, including technological, pedagogical, cognitive, communicative and personal components. Particular attention is paid to the interdisciplinary interpretation of digital competence as an integrative system emerging at the junction of pedagogy, computer science, psychology, media communications, data analytics, ethics and social sciences.Developing students’ sociolinguistic competence in academic writing: a review of pedagogical approaches
UDC: 378Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Rodikov Ivan E.
Annotation: Introduction. The development of students’ sociolinguistic competence in academic writing is one of the pressing tasks of contemporary higher education, since the production of a scholarly text requires not only linguistic accuracy but also the ability to address the reader appropriately, follow genre conventions, choose an appropriate tone, and express the author’s position in a balanced way. Purpose. The purpose of the study is to systematize and compare pedagogical approaches used to develop students’ sociolinguistic competence in academic writing and, on this basis, to present a generalized model of instructional organization. Materials and methods. The study was designed as an analytical review. The corpus included 15 Russian and international scholarly sources devoted to academic writing instruction, genre organization of text, feedback, peer review, digital support for writing, and students’ preparation for scholarly communication. The methods applied in the study included theoretical analysis, comparative description, generalization, and classification of pedagogical solutions. Results and discussion. The analysis showed that approaches to developing students’ sociolinguistic competence in academic writing can be grouped into six stable areas: genre-oriented instruction, collaborative discussion of texts, formative feedback and peer review, the use of digital tools, individualized step-by-step support, and preparation for the norms of scholarly communication and publication. The comparison of these approaches demonstrated that they differ in instructional logic and in their dominant educational effects; however, taken together, they are all aimed at developing students’ ability to produce texts that are appropriate in genre, audience awareness, and institutional context. Based on the analysis, a generalized model was proposed that includes the instructional goal, the content-related foundation, organizational and methodological mechanisms, the stages of work on the text, and the expected educational outcomes. Conclusion. It is concluded that the development of sociolinguistic competence in academic writing is most effective when genre instruction is combined with multi-stage feedback, collaborative discussion of drafts, consistent revision, and digital support for writing. The practical significance of the study lies in the possibility of using its results in the design of academic writing courses in higher education.Improving the efficiency of fire-fighting equipment study through digital technologies
UDC: 378Section: PEDAGOGICS
Authors: Aksar A. Eltemerov
Annotation: Introduction. With the development of digital technologies, technical devices and requirements for professional competencies of specialists are changing. Today, a solid material and technical base for a modern educational system have been created at the universities of the EMERCOM of Russia. Digitalization of the educational environment is aimed at improving the effectiveness of professional training of cadets of universities of the EMERCOM of Russia. High-quality training of specialists in the field of fire and technosphere safety is one of the most important tasks of higher education institutions of the EMERCOM of Russia. Materials and methods. The interactive training and simulation complex "Combined Fire Centrifugal Pump NCPK 40/100-4/400" was selected as a digital technical device for studying the process of studying the structure of fire-fighting equipment by cadets of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, the Academy of the EMERCOM of Russia, and for developing special practical skills and abilities. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of developing special practical skills and abilities in working with the combined centrifugal pump NCPK 40/100-4/400 through the use of an interactive training and simulation complex. Results. The article presents the results of experimental work on the use of digital technologies to study the design of the combined fire centrifugal pump NCPK 40/100-4/400, which were determined on the basis of a comparison of diagnostic data obtained at the ascertaining and control stages. Conclusion. The final results of the experimental work confirmed the hypothesis about the feasibility of using digital technologies in training cadets of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, the Academy of the State Fire Service of the EMERCOM of Russia.Assimilation of the IT Loanword "Groom" (to groom) in the Spontaneous Oral Discourse of Monolinguals and Bilinguals
UDC: 81’371Section: PHILOLOGY
Authors: Ruslan A. Klimentyev; Amina D. Alimova
Annotation: This article presents the results of a large-scale study to identify similarities and differences in the circulation of the English IT loanword "groom" across different age and social contexts in the oral discourse of residents of a multicultural region. The study was conducted with the aim of identifying the semantic spectrum assigned to this unit by monolinguals and bilinguals. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that the obtained data makes it possible to assess the current linguistic situation and trace changes in the structure of the Russian language under the influence of cultural worldviews, identifying necessary nuances. The empirical data are based on a survey of residents of the region. The ethnolinguapsychological experiment is one of the most illustrative approaches to achieving the study's goals of identifying the differentiation in the functioning of linguistic units in monolingual and bilingual environments. Given that the educational trajectory of today's youth is characterized by the active use of information technology, artificial intelligence, and remote access, the training of highly qualified personnel is accompanied by intensive ethnocultural contact throughout the educational process and, subsequently, the workforce. This also facilitates the exchange of cultural codes and the emergence of new borrowings from English in everyday discourse. Bilingual speakers of cultures and languages, arriving in the Russian Federation, find themselves in a Russian-speaking environment and become familiar with terms of common, terminological, and youth discourse through an understanding of the spectrum of their semantic content by native Russian speakers. This phenomenon leads to a partial shift or substitution of their own understanding of the term (if already familiar) or to the perception of a new unit with the meaning circulating in the community with which they have the most contact. Purpose: to identify the main differences in the semantic spectrum of the borrowing "grumit'" in the oral discourse of monolinguals and bilinguals.Malmyzh dialect in the dialect dictionary of the Mari language by E. Beke
UDC: 81’282.2:811.511.151Section: PHILOLOGY
Authors: Kuznetsova Margarita N.
Annotation: Introduction. This article presents the first analysis of the phonetic, morphological, and certain syntactic features of the Malmyzh dialect, based on the extensive linguistic material found in E. Beke’s dialect dictionary of the Mari language. A comparative analysis is conducted against data from other dialects. The purpose of the study is to provide a detailed analysis of the Malmyzh dialect based on E. Beke's dialect dictionary. Materials and methods. The study uses scientific articles and monographs on the Mari language and Mari dialectology, as well as E. Beke's "Dictionary of Mari Dialects." The article employs comparative-historical and descriptive methods. When necessary, a historical overview is provided. Research results and discussions. The Malmyzh dialect differs from other dialects of the Mari language in its phonetic features, rich case system, and the preservation of certain relict phenomena in morphology and syntax. Conclusion. The Malmyzh dialect occupies a transitional position between the western and eastern dialects of the Mari language. Features are observed in the areas of phonetics, morphology, and syntax.The image of the mother in the novel by E. Chetvergov “Vanineˮ (“Vanechkaˮ)
UDC: 82.09:821.511.152Section: PHILOLOGY
Authors: Artem O. Lukin
Annotation: Introduction. In modern Mordovian literary studies, there is an active interest in gender issues – the uniqueness of women's creativity, the peculiarities of the reception of the female mentality in artistic discourse, and the individual creative representation of female images. The purpose of the work – to reveal the specifics of the depiction of the image of the mother in the novel by E. Chetvergov “Vanineˮ (“Vanechkaˮ). Research materials and methods. The choice of research material is determined by both the original genre form of the novel (novel of parenting) and the significance of the image of the mother in the poetic structure of the novel. To achieve the goal, traditional methods of literary research (structural-semantic, the method of holistic analysis of the literary text), a gender approach were used. Research results, discussion. The main character of Akulina Valdaeva's novel “Vanechkaˮ is depicted against the backdrop of broad socio-historical events. She embodies the typical portrait of a peasant woman, a widow, and reflects the best traits of an Erzya woman: hard work, kindness, self-sacrifice, humanism, adherence to the ethnic moral code, and folk traditions. The primary emphasis is on her maternal nature. Motherhood later becomes a defining theme for Cooley. The work implicitly conveys the idea of selfless maternal love and the parable of a mother's service to her son. The wrong choice of educational methods leads to negative consequences – the leveling of traditional ethnic concepts, universal human values, and the moral degradation of Vanechka. Conclusion. In E. Chetvergov's individual creative approach, motherhood is perceived as one of the components of female identity, the highest value. In his novel “Vanechkaˮ he represents the type of mother who values the concepts of family, clan, and children. She selflessly loves her son, but undermines traditional methods of upbringing, which leads to family drama. The image of Akulina Valdaeva embodies the life-giving principle, while simultaneously reflecting the national picture of the world, the ideological philosophy of the people, and the socio-political events of the 20th century.Means of lexical representation of non-verbal expression of emotions in the prose of A. P. Chekhov
UDC: 81'373Section: PHILOLOGY
Authors: Liana R. Lukmanova; Kiseleva Larisa A.
Annotation: Introduction. This paper examines the non-verbal expressions of emotions in A. P. Chekhov's prose. The writer is a master of psychological prose, actively uses a variety of techniques to convey the inner state of his characters: gestures, facial expressions, intonation and other ways of conveying non-verbal communication of the characters of the works. The article analyzes the late works of the writer, such as "The Bride", "Gooseberry", "Ionich", "The Lady with the Dog", "About love". About 100 contexts denoting non-verbal expressions of emotions have been considered. In non-verbal communication, signals and symbols are used instead of words, such as facial expressions, gestures, tone, gaze direction, body position, timbre of speech, distance. The analysis of nonverbal behavior includes the observation of these components, as well as the use of methods such as component and contextual analysis. The purpose of the study is to determine the specifics of the lexical transmission of nonverbal emotional signs in A. P. Chekhov's late prose. Materials and methods: the late prose works of A. P. Chekhov were used as the research material. The article identifies specific linguistic and stylistic markers characterizing the author's approach to depicting the emotional sphere. Research results, discussions: in the works of A. P. Chekhov, the means of indicating the non-verbal manifestation of emotions are clearly visible, which is expressed most vividly in the form of hand gestures. Contextual details, dialogues and pauses, and internal monologues of the characters are also important. Based on the linguistic analysis of the representation of non-verbal communication in a literary text, it becomes possible to build a holistic characterization of the character's image. Conclusion: The study of Chekhov's late prose allows us to conclude that they widely present ways of conveying non-verbal expressions of emotions. These tools, mainly used in dialogues and internal monologues, focus on external expression, such as kinesics (facial expressions, gestures, poses), takesics and prosody. Lexically, verbs, often in conjunction with nouns and pronouns, serve as the main tool for denoting the dominant internal states of characters, including joy, sadness and excitement. Non-verbal communication allows the reader to gain a deeper understanding of the inner world and experiences of the characters in Chekhov's works.The dual nature of love as the basis of conflict in E. T. A. Hoffmann’s gothic novel
UDC: 81.111Section: PHILOLOGY
Authors: Ignat G. Prilutsky
Annotation: Introduction. The article investigates the linguocognitive representation of the emotional concept LOVE in E. T. A. Hoffmann’s Gothic novel The Devil’s Elixirs. The relevance of the study is determined by the need for a comprehensive linguistic analysis of a concept central to Romantic consciousness, whose dual nature serves as a structural element of the narrative in Hoffmann’s work. The aim of the research is to identify and analyze linguistic and non‑linguistic means of representing the opposition LIEBE/LUST and to demonstrate that this opposition constitutes the semantic core and driving force of the novel’s central conflict. Methods. The study is carried out within the framework of a cognitive‑discursive approach using a set of methods: conceptual, contextual and quantitative analysis. The subject of the study is the emotive vocabulary verbalizing the emotional state of love in Hoffmann’s The Devil’s Elixirs. Results and Discussion. The emotional state of love in the novel is realized through the binary opposition of the lexemes Liebe (love) and Lust (desire, lust). The lexeme Liebe, being the most frequent (61.6 % of occurrences), forms a «semantic mask» of deception, combining both positive and negative connotations. The lexeme Lust (19.5 %) verbalizes a negatively charged physiological attraction associated with the motifs of sin, crime and ancestral curse. Their dynamic interaction (Liebe as a shell, Lust as content) models the psychological and plot conflict, projecting the inner split of the protagonist’s personality. Conclusion. The duality of love, objectified in the opposition LIEBE/LUST, is the main narrative mechanism of the novel. This opposition serves as a linguistic projection of the concept of dualism, the split of personality, where the illusion of the sublime feeling Liebe conceals the destructive passion Lust, which constitutes the essence of the central conflict between the divine and the demonic, spirit and flesh in the consciousness of the main character.The evolution of the terms 'knowledge' and 'learning' in the AI age
UDC: 80Section: PHILOLOGY
Authors: Anna S. Rybakova
Annotation: Introduction. This paper discusses the transformation of the two concepts – ‘knowledge’ and ‘learning’ in the context of the development of artificial intelligence technologies. The author states that these terms, which have a deep etymology, have become central in the discourse of artificial intelligence and have defined machine methods of information processing. The purpose of the study is to analyze the evolution of the meanings of the words ‘knowledge’ and ‘learning’, as well as their derivatives during the transition from different terminological systems to specialized AI terminology. Research materials and methods include etymological and component analysis of vocabulary to identify both the historical meanings of words and their modern semantics in the field of artificial intelligence. The results of the study demonstrate how the basic concepts of ‘cognition’ and ‘following the path of knowledge’ were able to transform from the sphere of philosophy into the field of information technology.
For example, terms with the ‘knowledge’ component (knowledge-based AI) have evolved to describe structured data and formalized models, while terms with the ‘learning’ component (machine learning, unsupervised learning) have come to denote algorithmic processes for identifying patterns. The analysis showed a steady semantic shift: in the field of artificial intelligence, the term ‘knowledge’ is associated with the organization of data, and ‘learning’ with the methods of their processing, which does not always correspond to the humanitarian understanding of these concepts. In conclusion, the author states that the terms ‘knowledge’ and ‘learning’ have become an integral part of the AI terminology system, accurately reflecting the key processes that occur in this field of knowledge. The study confirms a significant semantic gap between the two meanings of these words, which opens up prospects for further linguistic and terminological analysis of the developing high-tech language.The poetics of the comic in M. Shketan's short stories "Skis" and "Para-chute": a model of the clash of traditional consciousness with the new Soviet reality
UDC: 821.511.151Section: PHILOLOGY
Authors: Alexandr E. Sergeev
Annotation: The article examines the poetics of the comic in M. Shketan's stories "Skis" and "Parachute", reflecting the clash of traditional village consciousness with new forms of Soviet culture and social life. The scientific novelty of the research results from the insufficient knowledge of these works in the aspect of comic poetics. The purpose of the work is to identify and describe the comic model of learning new things in the stories "Parachute" and "Skis" through the analysis of the character system, speech organization and plot repetitions. Materials and methods. The research material was the stories of M. Shketana "Parachute" and "Yeche" ("Ski"); structural-semantic and comparative-typological methods of literary text analysis are used. Research and discussion results. The main types of characters are identified (conservative narrator, bearer of a new consciousness, and collective observer); it is established that the comedy in both works is based on a similar plot model (the hero perceives the new as a threat, explains it through familiar everyday concepts, and gradually becomes involved in a new practice himself); It is shown that the comic effect is formed at the intersection of the verbal manner of narration, speech expression, hyperbolized fear, domestic decline and violation of cause-and-effect relationships. Conclusion. The comic in Shketan acts as a way of artistic understanding of a social turning point; laughter performs educational, characterological and adaptive functions.Linguoculturemes in english-language Nigerian media discourse
UDC: 811.111.8 Пиджины и креольские языки, основанные на английскомSection: PHILOLOGY
Authors: Elena N. Chernykh
Annotation: Introduction. The article examines the functioning of linguocultural units in Federal Republic of Nigeria English media discourse. Purpose of the study: to identify new lexical and semantic features of the Nigerian English in the Nigerian English media discourse using the example of linguocultural units from the cultural sphere. Materials and methods. Research material: Nigerian English online media texts in The Punch and The Sun newspapers, the online publication Pulse Nigeria for the period 2019–2025. Descriptive-analytical method, comparative method, contextual analysis are used. Results. It is determined that the Nollywood and Afrobeat are important cultural markers of Nigeria: the former forms the visual and narrative image of the continent in the global media space, the latter promotes the African musical identity. Together, they enhance the global presence of Nigerian culture while preserving its identity. It is revealed that aso ebi, aso oke, adire and cowries appear in Nigerian English media discourse in the context of the evolution of traditional fashion: they describe the process during which ethnic fabrics, styles and accessories become part of modern trends. At the same time, aso ebi, aso oke and adire are perceived by many Nigerians as familiar markers of their own identity. It is proven that the national characteristics and identity of the West African community are reflected in linguocultural units, which convey the historical features and cultural development trends. Conclusion: the media discourse demonstrates the contemporary Nigerian English language, with linguocultural units serving as markers of ethnic identity.