The article gives coverage to the information from the works by (the Arabian, Persian, Turkic, Armenian) medieval authors on captivity and slavery during the Mongolian conquest in Middle Asia, Asian Near East, Transcaucasia and Eastern Europe. The countless number of captives resulted in their killing by the Mongols, later they were sold. The slaves were used in service, building, handicraft, herding and soldiery. Women-captives were sexually exploited, as a rule; they could become wives, concubines or servants. The forms of slaves’ resistance and their attempts to change their social status are described in the article.