Abstract. Introduction. Studies of the semantics of the English and Russian component “right” are relevant in modern cultural linguistics, as the concept “right” plays an important role in the formation of the linguistic view of the world. The semantics of the word “right” in English and Russian is characterized by polysemy: when pronouncing a given word out of context, it is impossible to determine immediately what meaning the word is used in. Purpose. From a linguistic point of view, it is of great interest to trace the transformation of the semantic links of the component “right” in English and Russian chronologically. Materials and Methods. In the course of the research work, English and Russian etymological dictionaries are used as sources. Research of the component “right” in English and Russian is carried out by means of the methods of etymological-chronological, lexical-semantic, comparative analysis. Research results, discussion. On the basis of a thorough etymological analysis, the mixed type of semantic link of the polysemant “right” in English and Russian is revealed and graphically presented, archaic forms of both components are considered. Comparative analysis shows that the mixed type of semantic link of the Russian component “right” is characterized by a smaller number of polysemants compared to the English component “right”. It is noted that the component “right” has a wider scope. The revealed differences between the components are caused by linguistic and extratextual factors. The archaic form of the component “right” contains a wide variety of semantic derivatives, which have been kept in a new form, used in mode rn English. At the same time, it is observed the penetration of the component “right” into the official business and everyday discourse, caused by the rapid growth of industrial production. Conclusion. The comparative analysis reveals that the initial seme of the archaic component “right” in the sense of “true” keeps its ideological significance in the modern Russian language. In English, polysemy of the component “right” inherent in its archaic form is kept, but at the same time there is a tendency to gradually weakening of its lexical meaning.