Introduction. The article brings the importance of the adaptive approach to studying of students in the electronic educational environment up to date. It notes the normative base and the interdisciplinary character of adaptation, which is studied in detail from the point of view of medical and biological, social and philosophical, psychological and pedagogical, technical and cybernetic and other approaches. Adaptation is considered from the point of view of the interaction of the system "man – electronic environment" determined by intrapsychic and environmental factors. At the same time, bidirectional interaction within the system, which determines the functional state of the subject of adaptation, plays a system-forming role. Purpose: theoretical justification and experimental verification of students’ adaptive capabilities to study in the electronic educational environment of the university. Materials and methods. The materials of the study are normative legal documents and research papers, which addressed the issues of students’ adaptation to learning using information and communication tools. The authors of the paper used theoretical and empirical research methods. Results, discussion. In order to study the adaptive capabilities of students to learn in the electronic educational environment of the university, the authors carried out experimental work among bachelor students of the majors 01.03.02 Applied Mathematics and Information Technologies (specialization: Programming and System Analysis) and 44.03.02 Psychological and Pedagogical Education (specialization: Pedagogics and Psychology of Preschool Education). The study showed that the students’ adaptation to learning in the electronic educational environment is a complex multidimensional process, the success of which is determined by the combination of the influence of external (environmental) and internal (subjective) nature on its results. Conclusion. The authors elicited the following conditions providing efficient adaptation of students to studying in the electronic educational environment of the university: the arrangement of studies within the electronic environment by gradually increasing the intensity, level and volume necessary to acquire educational material; the presence of constant feedback and a system of methodological / software and technical support; simultaneous implementation of various types of interactivity taking into account the individual characteristics and abilities of students; the availability of services for interaction and communication of students; the use of active methods and means of teaching academic subjects in the electronic environment contributing to the development of educational and cognitive interest; the use of electronic portfolios and storage repositories of students’ works to motivate the achievement of educational results.