A contradictory approach to the realization and maintenance of religious rights will always be at the center of attention in all states, including multi-confessional Russia. One of the points of discussion is related to the educational process. The most controversial is the controversy over the representatives of the Muslim religion and the right of Muslims to wear religious clothing and / or attributes in public places: on the one hand, there are many examples of judicial practice where the right of Muslim women to wear religious clothing in accordance with their religious beliefs is not protected by the organ (the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of July 10, 2013 and February 11, 2015) and, on the other hand, the decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federa-tion, when Muslim women received permission to be photographed on the passport in the headgear, i.e., so that the scarf does not cover the ears and forehead (the definition of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation of May 15, 2003). The purpose of the article is to identify the transformation of the right to freedom of religion in relation to the right to wear religious clothes and / or attributes in the educational process in modern Russian society. Objectives: to study the judicial practice of ensuring religious rights in the teaching process; to analyze the results of the authentic public opinion of the students of the Mari State University. The author uses various methods of analysis and generalization of legal material, actively applying a comparative legal method. The result of the study was the conclusion that amendments and additions to Russian law and legislation related to the provision of broader guarantees for the exercise of religious rights should be made.