The article deals with the complex psychological and medical approach to the emergence of the problem of infertility in women of childbearing age. The author draws attention to the etiology of medical diagnosis in women and its close relationship with the psychological mechanisms of manifestation of intrapersonal conflict that results in the emergence and worsening of “infertility”. Study of the interre-lationship of psychological and medical components provide new opportunities of finding a traumatic factor, which is the starting point in the formation of the intrapersonal conflict, which is the result of somatization female infertility. The author describes the study of psychological defense mechanisms and correlating the results with the statements of infertile women according to the psycho-evolutionary theory by Robert Plutchika. As a result, the study confirms the previously proposed author’s hypothesis, that intrapersonal conflict can be the basis of infertility. It is a factor that triggers the psychosomatic adaptive-protective mechanism, as a result of which there is the likelihood of diagnosis of “infertility” of various etiologies in women of childbearing age.